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High insertional torque and early implant failure.

Wyatt J Spresser1, Brian R Carr1, Emily M Duhon1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UT Southwestern/Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
|July 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High insertional torque in dental implant surgery significantly increases the risk of early implant failure. This study found a 9-fold higher risk for implants placed at ≥ 60 Newton-Centimeter (N-cm).

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Optimal insertional torque for endosseous dental implants remains debated in surgical literature.
  • Conflicting theories exist regarding whether high or low torque values correlate with improved implant success rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively investigate the association between high insertional torque and early dental implant failure.
  • To determine if exceeding a specific torque threshold impacts implant survival rates prior to prosthetic loading.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving 207 dental implants placed in 95 patients.
  • Implants were categorized into a high torque group (≥ 60 N-cm) and a control group (30-59 N-cm).
  • Early implant failure was defined as exfoliation, mobility, or explantation before prosthetic loading.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant 9-fold increased risk of early implant failure was observed in the high torque group (OR = 9.00, P = .043).
  • The high torque group experienced a significantly higher incidence of early implant complications.

Conclusions:

  • High insertional torque (≥ 60 N-cm) is associated with a substantially increased risk of early dental implant failure.
  • While high torque may enhance primary stability, it may also lead to adverse outcomes like bone resorption and impaired osseointegration, ultimately compromising implant success.