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Does Protein Ingestion Timing Affect Exercise-Induced Adaptations? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Rafael A Casuso1, Lennert Goossens2

  • 1Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Calle Escritor Castilla Aguayo, 4, Poniente Sur, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.

Nutrients
|July 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Protein timing around exercise does not significantly impact lean body mass. While pre-exercise protein may enhance lower body strength, more research is needed for definitive conclusions on strength gains.

Keywords:
body compositionchronobiologyresistance trainingstrengthsupplementation timing

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