Food Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds for Managing Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A...

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Nutritional Science
• Metabolic Diseases

Background:

• Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and steatohepatitis (MASH) are increasing global health issues with no established pharmacological treatments.
• Dietary interventions are being investigated for their potential to manage MASLD and MASH progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review the dual effects of macronutrients, bioactive compounds, and micronutrients on MASLD.
• To synthesize current evidence on dietary strategies for MASLD management.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of existing literature on dietary components and MASLD.
• Analysis of protective, exacerbating, and dual roles of fatty acids, carbohydrates, coffee-derived compounds, and micronutrients.

Main Results:

• Saturated fatty acids can worsen MASLD, but moderate intake may offer metabolic benefits.
• Coffee compounds like caffeine and chlorogenic acid may reduce liver injury, though effects on MASLD severity are inconsistent.
• Various bioactive compounds and micronutrients influence hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions:

• Specific dietary nutrients and bioactive compounds show therapeutic potential for MASLD management.
• Inconsistent findings necessitate more robust, well-controlled studies, especially clinical trials, to establish evidence-based dietary guidelines for MASLD.
• Further research is crucial before clinical application of dietary interventions for MASLD.