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Revisiting Traditional Medicinal Plants: Integrating Multiomics, In Vitro Culture, and Elicitation to Unlock
Erna Karalija1, Armin Macanović2, Saida Ibragić3
1Laboratory for Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, Department for Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 12, 2025
Summary
This review explores how multiomics technologies and plant cell culture enhance the understanding and production of medicinal plant compounds. These integrated approaches unlock the therapeutic potential of botanicals for drug development.
Area of Science:
- * Plant Science
- * Biotechnology
- * Pharmacology
Background:
- * Traditional medicinal plants possess significant therapeutic potential, but their bioactive compounds are often not fully characterized.
- * Advances in multiomics (metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics) and in vitro culture offer new ways to study these plants.
- * Understanding phytochemical pathways is crucial for optimizing the yield of valuable secondary metabolites.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To review the integration of multiomics technologies, in vitro culture, and elicitor strategies for characterizing and enhancing bioactive compound production in medicinal plants.
- * To synthesize current findings on how these approaches elucidate phytochemical pathways and improve yields.
- * To explore the potential of these integrated methods for discovering novel compounds and scaling production.
Main Methods:
- * Metabolomic profiling to link chemical diversity with biological activities (antioxidant, antimicrobial).
- * Proteomic analysis to understand regulatory mechanisms during elicitation.
- * In vitro culture systems for controlled manipulation of plant metabolic outputs.
- * Application of biotic and abiotic elicitors (e.g., methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid) to trigger defense pathways.
Main Results:
- * Metabolomics reveals correlations between phytochemical profiles and bioactivities.
- * Proteomics identifies key regulatory proteins involved in secondary metabolite production.
- * In vitro systems demonstrate feasibility for controlled enhancement of bioactive compounds.
- * Elicitor treatments effectively stimulate phytochemical production.
Conclusions:
- * Integrating multiomics, in vitro culture, and elicitation provides a powerful framework for medicinal plant research.
- * This approach aids in understanding and optimizing the production of valuable plant-derived compounds.
- * It offers a pathway for discovering novel therapeutics and advancing sustainable drug development from ethnobotanical resources.
