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Broadband Low-Cost Normal Magnetic Field Probe for PCB Near-Field Measurement.

Ruichen Luo1,2, Zheng He2, Lixiao Wang3

  • 1School of Information Engineering, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361005, China.

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|July 12, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a cost-effective broadband near-field probe for measuring magnetic fields in radio frequency (RF) circuits from 2-8 GHz. The probe utilizes a printed circuit board (PCB) design and demonstrates accurate field measurements for RF components.

Keywords:
RF circuit diagnosticsbroadband measurementelectromagnetic radiation characterizationmagnetic field detectionmicrostrip line calibrationnear-field probe

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate near-field magnetic field (Hz) measurement is crucial for radio frequency (RF) circuit design and troubleshooting.
  • Existing probes can be expensive or lack broadband capabilities, limiting their application.
  • Cost-effective solutions are needed for characterizing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and signal integrity in RF systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a broadband near-field probe for measuring the normal magnetic field (Hz) in RF circuits.
  • To achieve cost-efficiency using a standard printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication process.
  • To investigate the use of microstrip lines as calibration standards for the Hz probe.

Main Methods:

  • A 4-layer PCB probe utilizing an FR-4 substrate was designed, incorporating an Hz detection unit and a broadband microstrip balun.
  • Electromagnetic simulations were performed to determine probe parameters and predict magnetic field response.
  • Calibration experiments using microstrip lines were conducted to verify the probe's calibration factor.
  • Practical measurements were performed on a microstrip line and a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to capture field distributions.

Main Results:

  • The developed probe operates effectively in the 2-8 GHz frequency range.
  • The broadband microstrip balun improved common-mode rejection.
  • Calibration experiments confirmed the accuracy of the probe's calibration factor.
  • Field distribution measurements on an LNA successfully identified radiating components.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed PCB-based near-field probe offers a cost-effective and high-performance solution for broadband Hz measurements in RF circuits.
  • The probe's design and calibration methodology are validated through simulations and experiments.
  • The probe can be effectively used for characterizing RF components and identifying sources of electromagnetic radiation.