Physicochemical Analysis of Composites Based on Yellow Clay, Hydroxyapatite, and Clitoria ternatea L. Obtained via...

The present study describes the mechanochemical synthesis and physicochemical characterization of a novel composite material composed of yellow clay, hydroxyapatite, and Clitoria ternatea L. The synthesis was carried out using a solvent-free, energy-efficient mechanochemical method. The composite was analyzed for its toxicity, particle size distribution, release of bioactive compounds, surface morphology, structural features, and electrokinetic properties. UV-VIS spectrophotometry revealed that the release of bioactive substances was approximately 1.5 to 3 times higher in the composite compared to control samples. Particle size analysis indicated a wide distribution ranging from 350 to 1300 nm. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption (ASAP) confirmed the porous nature of the material, while SEM and FTIR analyses verified the successful incorporation of all components. Electrokinetic studies showed zeta potential values ranging from +15 mV to -32 mV, indicating varying colloidal stability. The proposed composite demonstrates promising potential as a carrier of biologically active substances for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.