Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

5.2K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
5.2K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.4K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.4K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

4.4K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
4.4K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

6.3K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
6.3K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

73.3K
Overview
73.3K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

5.5K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
5.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

How Host Phylogeny, Diet, and Habitat Affect Gut Microbial Diversity in Wild Snakes.

Ecology and evolution·2026
Same author

Characteristics and Prognostic Implications in Newly Diagnosed KMT2Ar AML: A Multicenter Study of the ECLA Group.

American journal of hematology·2026
Same author

Identification and Validation of miR-206-3p Targeting WT-1 Promotes Membranous Nephropathy Through a Comprehensive Bioinformatics and Machine Learning Algorithm.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2026
Same author

Tim-3-targeted vaccines overcome tumor immunosuppression and reduce cDC1 dependence to elicit potent anti-tumor immunity.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

The membrane-associated ubiquitin ligase MARCHF8 degrades MHC-I in HPV-positive head and neck cancer for immune evasion.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Unraveling the Epigenetic Regulation of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer Immunity.

Cells·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
09:09

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Published on: April 18, 2016

15.5K

Balancing Immunity: GSK-3's Divergent Roles in Dendritic Cell-Mediated T-Cell Priming and Memory Responses.

Chunmei Fu1,2,3, Tianle Ma4, Li Zhou1,2,3,5

  • 1Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) has dual roles in dendritic cells, enhancing T cell priming but impairing memory formation. Fine-tuning GSK-3 activity could optimize immunotherapies.

Keywords:
CD8 T-cell memorycancer immunotherapycross-primingdendritic cellsglycogen synthase kinase-3vaccinesβ-catenin

More Related Videos

Generation of Bone Marrow Derived Murine Dendritic Cells for Use in 2-photon Imaging
13:13

Generation of Bone Marrow Derived Murine Dendritic Cells for Use in 2-photon Imaging

Published on: July 9, 2008

31.3K
Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro
06:12

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro

Published on: March 7, 2022

3.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
09:09

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Published on: April 18, 2016

15.5K
Generation of Bone Marrow Derived Murine Dendritic Cells for Use in 2-photon Imaging
13:13

Generation of Bone Marrow Derived Murine Dendritic Cells for Use in 2-photon Imaging

Published on: July 9, 2008

31.3K
Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro
06:12

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro

Published on: March 7, 2022

3.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), particularly the GSK-3β isoform, is crucial for dendritic cell (DC) functions.
  • GSK-3β is constitutively active in immature DCs, and its inhibition typically enhances DC maturation and function.
  • GSK-3 inhibition activates β-catenin, a pathway previously thought to mediate its immunomodulatory effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the β-catenin-independent functions of GSK-3β in DCs.
  • To elucidate the dual roles of GSK-3β in T cell responses.
  • To explore strategies for optimizing immunotherapies by modulating GSK-3 activity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of GSK-3β activity in dendritic cells.
  • Assessment of DC-mediated T cell cross-priming.
  • Evaluation of memory CD8 T cell generation.
  • Mechanistic studies on GSK-3β signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • GSK-3β enhances DC-mediated cross-priming of CD8 T cells.
  • GSK-3β impairs the generation of memory CD8 T cells.
  • These effects are, at least in part, independent of β-catenin signaling.

Conclusions:

  • GSK-3β exhibits paradoxical functions in DCs, promoting initial T cell activation while hindering long-term memory.
  • Understanding these dual roles is critical for developing effective vaccines and cancer immunotherapies.
  • Targeting GSK-3 activity presents a potential strategy for enhancing therapeutic immune responses.