Radiation Therapy Personalization in Cancer Treatment: Strategies and Perspectives.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Radiation Biology
• Medical Physics

Background:

• Precision medicine is advancing systemic cancer therapies but lags in radiation therapy (RT).
• Conventional RT uses standardized models (Linear Quadratic) ignoring patient variability.
• Advances in radiobiology and technology necessitate personalized RT approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge and future directions for personalized radiation therapy.
• To highlight biomarkers, advanced imaging, and novel therapeutic strategies for RT personalization.
• To explore innovative RT modalities and combinations for improved cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent advances in radiobiology and RT technology.
• Discussion of personalized approaches including biomarkers and imaging.
• Analysis of novel RT modalities (hadron therapy, Flash RT) and combinations (immunotherapy).

Main Results:

• Personalized RT requires integrating tumor biology and clinical features.
• Patient- and tumor-specific biomarkers are crucial for tailoring RT.
• Advanced imaging enhances RT precision and normal tissue sparing.
• Innovative approaches like hadron therapy, Flash RT, and RT-immunotherapy combinations show promise.

Conclusions:

• Personalized radiation therapy is essential for advancing precision oncology.
• Integrating biological insights, technology, and clinical expertise will enhance RT efficacy.
• Tailored RT strategies can improve tumor targeting and minimize adverse effects.