CsPbBr₃ Perovskite-Based Heterostructures in Photocatalysis: Mechanisms, Stability, and Multifunctional Performance

CsPbBr₃ perovskite stands out as a promising photocatalyst due to its strong visible-light absorption and advantageous band positions, yet its practical application is constrained by rapid charge recombination and poor aqueous stability. This review systematically explores how heterostructure engineering, which encompasses Type-II, Z-scheme, and S-scheme architectures, overcomes these limitations by optimizing interfacial charge dynamics and enhancing material durability. The underlying mechanisms of band alignment, charge transfer pathways, and redox potential retention in heterostructures, alongside strategies for activity modulation and stability enhancement are analyzed. By integrating insights from structural design to functional performance, the review illuminates how CsPbBr₃-based heterostructures address critical challenges in photocatalysis, offering a comprehensive framework for advancing sustainable solutions in energy conversion and environmental remediation.