A Brief Review on Laser Therapy in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Healing

Due to the unique properties of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER)s, numerous studies have demonstrated favorable postoperative outcomes, including accelerated healing, reduced inflammation, minimal discomfort, and improved patient compliance. The precision and selectivity of LASERs make them safer for use in various dental and medical procedures, minimizing collateral damage to adjacent tissues. In our review, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the application of LASERs in periodontal diseases (PD) and peri-implant diseases (PID), emphasizing their role in nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy. LASERs have been widely employed for bacterial decontamination, soft tissue management, and biomodulation, leading to improved periodontal regeneration and implant success rates. We also delve into the mechanism of LASER interaction with both soft and hard tissues, highlighting their photothermal, photomechanical, and photobiomodulatory effects. These mechanisms contribute to enhanced debridement, tissue repair, and bio-stimulation, facilitating faster wound healing and promoting favorable clinical outcomes.