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Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science
Published on: May 9, 2020
Methods for predicting overall sound power and maximum overall sound pressure levels from heated supersonic jets,
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA.
Abstract:
Prior work [e.g., McInerny (1992). Noise Control Eng. J. 38(1), 5-16; McInerny (1996). J. Aircraft 33(3), 511-517; Franken (1958). Noise Control 4(3), 8-16] has resulted in models for estimating overall sound power levels (OAPWLs) and maximum overall sound pressure levels (OASPLmax) from jet and rocket engines. Based on fundamental flow properties, this paper builds on previous results and presents simple methods for predicting OAPWL and OASPLmax from heated supersonic jets and rockets. A method for estimating ground effects on OASPLmax is also presented. The model's performance is evaluated for launched Atlas V and Vulcan Centaur rockets and an installed F404 jet engine at engine conditions ranging from 38% thrust through afterburner. The results show good agreement for OASPLmax, where the root mean square error is confined to less than 2 dB for the rockets and jet engine conditions considered.
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