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Longitudinal Study of Changes in Retinal Curvature and its Relationship With Myopia Shift in Chinese Children
Yue Wu1, Xin Liu1, Wenzhe Qian2,3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Insights
Longitudinal changes in retinal curvature (RC) are linked to myopia progression in children. Monitoring RC offers a way to quantitatively assess myopia-related morphological changes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Eye Care
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Myopia is a growing public health concern in children.
- Understanding the ocular structures associated with myopia progression is crucial for intervention.
- Retinal curvature (RC) is a potential indicator of ocular changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate longitudinal changes in retinal curvature (RC) in Chinese children.
- To determine the relationship between RC changes and myopia progression over 12 months.
Main Methods:
- A 12-month longitudinal study of children aged 6-16 years, categorized by spherical equivalent refraction (SER) shift.
- Swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and a 3D reconstruction algorithm were used to assess RC.
- Regional RC and retinal surface asymmetry index (R-SAI) were calculated; statistical analyses explored correlations with myopia progression.
Main Results:
- The myopic shift group showed significant increases in central RC, especially within the 0-6 mm diameter region.
- Significant curvature changes were noted in specific regions (C0, T1, T2, I1), with the temporal quadrate (T1) showing the most prominent increase.
- Baseline nasal-temporal R-SAI negatively correlated with myopic shift; age, axial length elongation, and baseline curvature influenced central RC changes.
Conclusions:
- Retinal curvature changes are closely associated with myopia progression in children.
- Longitudinal monitoring of RC provides a quantitative method for assessing myopia-related morphological changes.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes in retinal curvature (RC) among Chinese children and its relationship with myopia progression.
Methods:
This 12-month longitudinal study included children aged 6 to 16 years, divided into groups based on changes in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) over 1 year: the myopic shift group and the non-myopic shift group. Comprehensive examinations including swept-source optical coherence tomography were performed in each visit. RC was assessed using a customized 3D reconstruction algorithm. The central, temporal, nasal, superior, and inferior quadrates were further divided into nine regions and calculated the average curvature for each. The retinal surface asymmetry index (R-SAI) was calculated to describe regional differences in RC. Statistical analyses were performed to explore correlations between RC changes and myopia progression.
Results:
Significant increases in central RC were observed in the myopic shift group, particularly in the 0 to 6 mm-diameter central retinal region. Regional analysis showed that significant changes in curvature were observed in the myopic shift group particularly in the 0 to 3 mm central circle (C0), temporal quadrate of 3 to 6 mm (T1), and 6 to 9 mm ring (T2) and inferior quadrate of 3 to 6 mm ring (I1), with the most predominant increase in the T1 region. Negative correlation was found between baseline nasal-temporal R-SAI and myopic shift after controlling confounders. Age, axial length (AL) elongation, and smaller baseline curvature were associated with larger RC changes in the central macular region.
Conclusions:
RC changes are closely linked to myopia shift. Longitudinal monitoring of RC can serve as a quantitative measure for assessing morphological changes associated with myopia shift in children.
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