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Prediction Models for Health Care Workers' Exposure to Type II Workplace Violence: A Systematic Review and

Jingxian Shang¹, Kexin Xue, Chaochao Yang

¹Author Affiliations: College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City, China.

Journal of Nursing Care Quality

|July 14, 2025

Abstract

Background:

Workplace violence poses a serious threat to safety and well-being of health care workers.

Purpose:

The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the accuracy and applicability of predictive models for workplace violence risk among health care workers.

Methods:

Ten databases were searched through May 2025. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool was used to evaluate model quality. Predictors were classified using the Job Demands-Resources framework.

Results:

Ten studies reporting 18 models were included. The pooled area under the curve was 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-0.93). Predictors were categorized into 3 main categories and 7 subcategories.

Conclusions:

Current workplace violence risk models lack clinical utility; future research must strengthen rigor and validation for practical application.

Keywords:

health care worker prediction models risk assessment systematic review workplace violence

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