Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Barriers to Effective Communication II

Barriers to Effective Communication II

The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Low concentration atropine eye drops and progression of myopia in children: multicentre placebo controlled, double masked, randomised trial in the UK (CHAMP-UK).

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·2026

Same author

Repeatability of flicker modulation sensitivity measured using the Flicker-Plus test.

PloS one·2025

Same author

2024 UK and Ireland modified Delphi consensus on myopia management in children and young people.

Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·2024

Same author

Task-shifting and the recruitment and retention of eye care workers in under-served areas: a qualitative study of optometrists' motivation in Ghana and Scotland.

Primary health care research & development·2024

Same author

Hyperopia in schoolchildren: Investigating the impact on vision and determining appropriate methods for screening.

Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·2023

Same author

Optometrists' Perspectives Regarding Artificial Intelligence Aids and Contributing Retinal Images to a Repository: Web-Based Interview Study.

JMIR human factors·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management

Published on: January 19, 2024

Barriers to accessing eye care in Pakistan: a mixed methods study.

Manal Malik¹, Niall Strang¹, Aiman Hafeez²

¹Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Govan Mbeki Building, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.

Primary Health Care Research & Development

|July 15, 2025

Summary

Barriers like illiteracy, long travel, and cost limit eye care access for older Pakistanis. The Sehat Sahulat Programme (SSP) is underutilized for eye care, highlighting needs for improved awareness and accessibility.

Keywords:

Eye care access Pakistan Sehat Sahulat programme healthcare delivery mixed methods universal health coverage visual impairment

More Related Videos

$Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening$

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening

Published on: October 18, 2024

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management

Published on: January 19, 2024

$Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening$

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening

Published on: October 18, 2024

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Area of Science:

Public Health
Ophthalmology
Health Services Research

Background:

Accessible eye care reduces avoidable blindness.
Pakistan faces challenges in primary eye care access, particularly for the underprivileged.
The Sehat Sahulat Programme (SSP) aims to reduce out-of-pocket expenses and improve healthcare access.

Purpose of the Study:

Identify and quantify barriers to eye care for individuals aged 45+ in Pakistan.
Explore patient experiences with the Sehat Sahulat Programme (SSP) for eye care services.

Main Methods:

Exploratory sequential mixed methods design.
Qualitative phase to identify barriers and experiences.
Quantitative phase using a customized survey to measure barrier magnitude and costs.

Main Results:

Key barriers include illiteracy, long travel, gender, age, mobility issues, and costs.
Poor awareness and underutilization of the SSP for eye care costs were observed.
Patient experiences varied across urban and rural settings in Pakistan.

Conclusions:

Enhance public education on eye health and rural service availability.
Improve facility accessibility and address gender disparities in eye care.
Advance the SSP to reduce treatment costs and improve access for older adults.