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Barriers to accessing eye care in Pakistan: a mixed methods study
Manal Malik1, Niall Strang1, Aiman Hafeez2
1Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Govan Mbeki Building, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
Primary Health Care Research & Development
|July 15, 2025
Summary
Barriers like illiteracy, long travel, and cost limit eye care access for older Pakistanis. The Sehat Sahulat Programme (SSP) is underutilized for eye care, highlighting needs for improved awareness and accessibility.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Ophthalmology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Accessible eye care reduces avoidable blindness.
- Pakistan faces challenges in primary eye care access, particularly for the underprivileged.
- The Sehat Sahulat Programme (SSP) aims to reduce out-of-pocket expenses and improve healthcare access.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify and quantify barriers to eye care for individuals aged 45+ in Pakistan.
- Explore patient experiences with the Sehat Sahulat Programme (SSP) for eye care services.
Main Methods:
- Exploratory sequential mixed methods design.
- Qualitative phase to identify barriers and experiences.
- Quantitative phase using a customized survey to measure barrier magnitude and costs.
Main Results:
- Key barriers include illiteracy, long travel, gender, age, mobility issues, and costs.
- Poor awareness and underutilization of the SSP for eye care costs were observed.
- Patient experiences varied across urban and rural settings in Pakistan.
Conclusions:
- Enhance public education on eye health and rural service availability.
- Improve facility accessibility and address gender disparities in eye care.
- Advance the SSP to reduce treatment costs and improve access for older adults.
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