Portal-systemic encephalopathy: neuropsychiatric manifestations

Portal-systemic encephalopathy, which occurs as a consequence of cirrhosis of the liver, is associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Problems related to the differential diagnosis and medical management of portal-systemic encephalopathy, as compared to other more usual psychiatric disorders, are discussed. Also addressed are issues of particular concern to psychiatry, such as the use of pharmacotherapeutics and the rehabilitation of alcoholism, which are commonly seen in individuals with portal-systemic encephalopathy and liver disease, as well as in the general psychiatric patient population.