A Rare Case of AML-M1 with Positive Cup-Like Blast Cell

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a stem cell malignancy.
• Morphological classification, including the presence of cup-like blast (CLB) cells, is crucial for AML diagnosis.
• CLB cells are associated with NPM1 or FLT3-ITD gene mutations.

Observation:

• A patient presented with high white blood cell count (176.33 x 10^9/L) and 80% blasts.
• Bone marrow examination revealed significant blast hyperplasia, suggesting AML-M1 morphology.
• Visible CLB cells prompted recommendations for FLT3-ITD and NPM1 gene mutation testing.

Findings:

• The study investigated the correlation between CLB cells and FLT3-ITD/NPM1 gene mutations in AML.
• CLB cells were observed in a patient with suspected AML-M1.
• Gene mutation testing was recommended based on CLB cell presence.

Implications:

• CLB cells may serve as a valuable diagnostic indicator in AML.
• Identifying CLB cells can guide further genetic testing for targeted therapy.
• Understanding CLB cell association aids in AML diagnosis and treatment strategies.