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Advances in noninvasive imaging for detecting radiation-induced lung injury (RILI)
Austen Nissen1,2, Said H Audi2,3,4, Anne V Clough2,3,5
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
International Journal of Radiation Biology
|July 15, 2025
Summary
Noninvasive imaging techniques can detect radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) early. These methods offer insights into RILI mechanisms like inflammation and fibrosis, guiding cancer therapy and radiation exposure response.
Area of Science:
- Radiation Biology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a critical toxicity for cancer patients and radiation accident victims.
- Early detection of RILI is vital for guiding radiation therapy (RT) planning and treatment decisions for exposed individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advances in noninvasive imaging for detecting radiation-induced lung injury (RILI).
- To highlight the potential of imaging biomarkers for understanding RILI progression.
Main Methods:
- Review of current noninvasive imaging modalities for RILI.
- Inclusion of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), hyperpolarized MR, nuclear medicine (PET, SPECT), and near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging.
Main Results:
- Various imaging techniques show promise for early RILI identification.
- These modalities can noninvasively detect key RILI mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Noninvasive imaging offers early detection of RILI.
- Imaging can provide mechanistic insights into RILI, including inflammation, vascular damage, cell death, oxidative stress, and fibrosis.
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