Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 15, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
Published on: August 25, 2023
The effects of cognitive closure need and time pressure on individual risk decision making
Junting Zhang1, Junyu Chen2, Kaiyue Wang2
1School of Humanities and Education, Xi'an Eurasia University, Xi'an 710065, China.
Abstract:
This study examined the effects of need for cognitive closure and time pressure on individual risky decision-making. Ninety-one college students were randomly selected to participate. Their risky decision-making behaviors were measured using a mixed experimental design with two levels of cognitive closure needs (high and low) and two levels of time pressure (pressured and unpressured), utilizing the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART). The need for cognitive closure was a between-group variable, and time pressure was a within-group variable. The results revealed a significant interaction between the need for cognitive closure and time pressure. For individuals with low cognitive closure needs, risky behavior was significantly higher in the absence of time pressure than in its presence. However, for individuals with high cognitive closure needs, the difference in risky behavior with and without time pressure was not significant. The findings of this research suggest that individuals who have a low need for cognitive closure might be more vulnerable to the effects of time pressure when faced with risky decision-making decisions.
Related Concept Videos
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
Primary Appraisal:...
Reason and Intuition
Decision Making
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Psychological Responses to Stress
The Availability Heuristic
Decision Making: Traditional Method
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...

