Cost Analysis of Current Distribution and Redesigned Distribution Systems for Vaccines in Rwanda

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Supply Chain Management
• Health Economics

Background:

• Immunization supply chain management is crucial for vaccine delivery but faces challenges with new vaccine introductions.
• Rwanda's immunization program achieved high coverage (94.3%) through human resource and capital investment.
• The current distribution system's mode and frequency hinder long-term program self-financing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess potential cost savings from redesigning the vaccine distribution system.
• To evaluate the impact of changing distribution modes and frequencies from the Central Vaccine Store to District Vaccine Stores.

Main Methods:

• A cost analysis study was conducted, comparing current and proposed vaccine distribution systems.
• Administrative and financial records were reviewed to determine system costs.
• The proposed system featured reduced distribution frequencies between central and district vaccine stores.

Main Results:

• The proposed distribution model, with reduced frequencies, decreased current distribution costs by 37%.
• This cost reduction highlights the financial benefits of system redesign.

Conclusions:

• Redesigning the vaccine distribution system offers significant opportunities to reduce costs.
• Implementing these changes can enhance the financial sustainability of the vaccination program.