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Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

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Biomimetic Model for Electromagnetic Modulation of Cardiovascular Cellular Interactions On-Chip.

Ana C Manjua^1,2, Fábio F F Garrudo^3,4, Ana Agostinho^4,5,6

¹Biosensors and Devices Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands.

ACS Applied Bio Materials

|July 16, 2025

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Researchers developed an organ-on-chip platform using hybrid stimuli-responsive materials to model cardiac tissue. This novel approach successfully enhanced cardiac cell viability and restored cardiac contraction, offering new avenues for cardiac repair.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Regenerative Medicine
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death globally, often involving cardiac cell death and vascular loss.
Current models lack the complexity to accurately simulate cardiac tissue microenvironments and test therapeutics.
This limitation hinders progress in treating heart disease, which is often considered irreversible.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel organ-on-chip platform integrating electrical, magnetic, and mechanical stimulation.
To replicate the cardiac tissue microenvironment and investigate the impact of combined stimuli on cardiac cell fate.
To explore new therapeutic strategies for cardiac repair and remodeling.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of electromagnetic scaffolds using conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) electrospun coaxial fibers with iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs).

Keywords:

HUVECs PEDOT: PPS cardiac microenvironment cardiomyocytes coculture electromagnetic materials magnetic particles scaffolds tissue engineering

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Incorporation of scaffolds into a micromodel for triple stimulation (electrical, magnetic, mechanical).

Culture of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) on the platform, assessing cell viability, metabolic activity, and cardiac function.

Main Results:

PEDOT:PSS coaxial fibers exhibited higher electroconductivity (7.9 S·cm⁻¹) compared to conductive hydrogels (0.83 S·cm⁻¹).
Combined 24-h electrical and magnetic stimulation significantly enhanced iPSC-CM viability (from 21% to 54%).
Cardiac contraction, initially lost, was restored through combined stimulation and co-culture with HUVECs.

Conclusions:

The developed organ-on-chip platform effectively replicates the cardiac microenvironment using hybrid stimuli-responsive materials.
Combined electrical and magnetic stimulation promotes cardiac cell viability and function.
This approach offers a promising tool for cardiac tissue modeling, repair, and remodeling research.