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Asymmetry in the bryophyte, Physcomitrium patens.

Prerna Singh1, Chiyo Jinno2, Haolin Zong3

  • 1Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan; Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan; Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0817, Japan.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
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Summary

Plant cell polarity and asymmetric division are key to development. This review examines how moss (Physcomitrium patens) uses ROP signaling, auxin transport, and cytoskeletal dynamics for growth, regeneration, and stress responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant developmental biology
  • Cellular dynamics and polarity

Background:

  • Cell polarity and asymmetric division are crucial for plant growth, differentiation, and stress adaptation.
  • The moss Physcomitrium patens offers a model system for studying these processes due to its accessible filamentous tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding cell polarity and asymmetric division in Physcomitrium patens.
  • To highlight key molecular and cellular mechanisms governing development, regeneration, and stress responses in this moss model.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cell polarity and asymmetric division in P. patens.
  • Analysis of the roles of Rho-related GTPases of plant (ROP) signaling, auxin transport, and cytoskeletal dynamics.
  • Examination of regulatory roles of transcriptional corepressors and peptide signaling.

Main Results:

  • ROP signaling, auxin transport, and cytoskeletal dynamics are critical for tip growth and division plane orientation in P. patens.
  • Transcriptional corepressors and peptide signaling orchestrate cell fate determination and gametophore formation.
  • Mechanisms of dedifferentiation and plasticity, involving polarity re-establishment and disruption, are observed in stem cell regeneration and stress-resistant brood cells.

Conclusions:

  • These regulatory mechanisms collectively determine daughter cell identity and developmental trajectories.
  • Understanding these processes in P. patens provides insights into fundamental plant development and plasticity.