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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

Network Covalent Solids

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

Published on: November 28, 2017

Atomic scale study for the structural evolution of monolayer 1T'-MoS₂.

Lei Xu^1,2, Feng Li³, Junjie Qi¹

¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P. R. China.

|July 17, 2025

Summary

Researchers observed dynamic structural changes in molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) using advanced microscopy. This reveals mechanisms for creating novel 2D materials for electronics and energy applications.

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Last Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

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Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials

Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials

Published on: July 18, 2025

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) possess diverse structures and electronic properties.
Harnessing phase transitions in 2D-TMDs is key for next-generation optoelectronics and energy technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To directly observe the dynamic structural evolution in monolayer 1T'-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2).
To understand the atomic-scale mechanisms driving phase transformations in 2D materials.

Main Methods:

In situ atomic-resolution characterization using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (AC-STEM).

Main Results:

Direct observation of molybdenum-molybdenum bond recombination leading to tetrameric metal clusters.
Formation of newly oriented zigzag chains and anisotropic configurations in 1T'-MoS2.
Atomically sharp and coherent 2H/1T' grain boundaries with no detectable lattice strain.

Conclusions:

Atomic-scale insights into phase transformation dynamics in 2D materials.
Provides design principles for engineering metastable-phase architectures for nanoelectronic devices.