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Biomarkers for Epilepsy Deep Brain Stimulation.

Gloria Ortiz-Guerrero1, Nicholas M Gregg

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society
|July 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for drug-resistant epilepsy targets thalamic networks. Advances in sensing and biomarkers offer personalized treatment strategies for improved seizure control.

Keywords:
Adaptive stimulationChronic brain recordingsNeuromodulationSingle pulse electrical stimulationThalamic sEEG

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is FDA-approved for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
  • Advances in device technology and thalamic stereotactic-EEG enhance understanding of epilepsy networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review electrophysiological, imaging, and clinical biomarkers for epilepsy DBS.
  • To focus on biomarkers for seizure detection, target engagement, network excitability, and risk forecasting.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of biomarkers in the context of thalamic stereotactic-EEG (sEEG).
  • Review of passive recordings and active stimulation protocols for network mapping and modulation.
  • Assessment of sensing-enabled DBS systems.

Main Results:

  • Thalamic sEEG provides insights into corticothalamic networks in epilepsy.
  • Biomarkers show potential for seizure detection, engagement tracking, and risk prediction.
  • Sensing-enabled DBS systems offer new capabilities for personalized therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Biomarker discovery and evolving device functionality are crucial for personalized DBS in epilepsy.
  • Translational efforts are needed to implement a new paradigm of personalized DBS.
  • Future directions involve integrating advanced biomarkers into clinical practice for tailored epilepsy management.