Sound production model for flute-like instruments based on measured jet response

Area of Science:

• Acoustics
• Musical Instrument Physics
• Computational Physics

Background:

• The reflection coefficient of a recorder head is crucial for modeling sound production in flute-like instruments.
• Previous measurements by Price, Johnston, and McKinnon provide essential data for acoustic jet behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a jet oscillation model for recorders using spline approximation of measured reflection coefficients.
• To simulate the sound production process in both frequency and time domains.
• To validate the model by comparing simulation results with experimental data.

Main Methods:

• Utilized spline curve approximation to create a jet oscillation model from measured reflection coefficients.
• Formulated the sound production process, including jet oscillation, in both frequency and time domains.
• Performed physical modeling simulations of a recorder, varying blowing pressure to explore different oscillation regimes.

Main Results:

• The developed model successfully reproduced normal, overblow, and underblow oscillation regimes.
• Simulated sound pressure level and sound frequency closely matched experimental observations for each regime.
• The overblow regime was simulated at lower blowing pressures than observed experimentally.

Conclusions:

• The physical modeling simulation effectively captures recorder sound production dynamics.
• The model's accuracy in the overblow regime suggests a need for refinement in the assumed relationship between blowing pressure and jet center velocity.