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Sensory-Based Alterations and Countermeasures in Spaceflight and Spaceflight Analogs
Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance
|July 17, 2025
Summary
Altered sensory inputs during spaceflight impact crew performance. Simple sensory countermeasures (CMs) can mitigate these effects, with personalized, multisensory approaches showing promise for future missions.
Area of Science:
- Aerospace Medicine
- Human Performance
- Sensory Science
Background:
- Long-duration spaceflight and extreme environments challenge crewmembers.
- Altered sensory inputs can adversely affect crew cognition and performance.
- Maintaining psychological and performance outcomes is critical for mission success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of altered sensory inputs in extreme environments.
- To assess current sensory-based countermeasures (CMs).
- To compare CM effectiveness across sensory modalities.
Main Methods:
- Searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and other databases.
- Included English-language publications with no date restrictions for sensory alterations.
- Focused on CM research published after 2019.
Main Results:
- Spaceflight induces sensory changes, notably in lighting and auditory modalities, affecting health and performance.
- Sensory input modulation influences cognitive and psychological states.
- Reviewed 285 articles on sensory alterations and 180 on CMs, including 52 and 59 articles respectively.
Conclusions:
- Sensory-based CMs are promising for maintaining/improving performance in spaceflight.
- Modulating sensory inputs can mitigate spaceflight-related challenges.
- Personalized, multisensory approaches are particularly promising for future strategies.
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