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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

A Knowledge Graph Approach to Elucidate the Role of Organellar Pathways in Disease via Biomedical Reports

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Published on: October 13, 2023

Semantic web-based ontology: a comprehensive framework for cardiovascular knowledge representation.

Sabahat Sabir¹, Fahad Maqbool¹, Muhammad Saad Razzaq¹

¹Department of Computer Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

|July 18, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new Heart Disease Ontology (HDO) was developed to organize and share critical information on heart conditions. This comprehensive knowledge gateway improves understanding and management of heart diseases for better healthcare.

Keywords:

Heart disease Machine-understandable data OWL Ontology RDF

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Area of Science:

Semantic Web technologies in healthcare
Ontology development for medical data management
Knowledge representation in cardiology

Background:

The Semantic Web enables machine-readable medical data, enhancing interoperability.
Existing heart disease information lacks structured ontological representation.
A need exists for a comprehensive knowledge system for heart diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a comprehensive Heart Disease Ontology (HDO).
To serve as a knowledge gateway for major heart diseases.
To provide precise data on causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Methods:

Developed HDO using Ontology Web Language (OWL) and RDF in Protégé.
Integrated schema.org and reused classes from SNOMED CT, ICD10, FHIR, NCIT, and SCDO.
Evaluated HDO using OOPs Pitfall Scanner and Hermit Reasoner; validated with a cardiologist.

Main Results:

HDO comprises 104 classes, 20 object properties, 14 data properties, and 808 instances.
Reused 22 classes and 17 properties from schema.org and medical ontologies.
Functionality validated through a use case and SPARQL queries; domain knowledge confirmed by an expert.

Conclusions:

HDO provides a structured, interoperable knowledge base for heart diseases.
The ontology facilitates precise and reliable information exchange in cardiovascular health.
HDO enhances the understanding and management of heart disease information.