Structure characterization and construction analysis of a calcium-vitamin D₃ co-delivery aqueous solution system...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biochemistry
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Vitamin D3 (VD3) and calcium ions (Ca2+) are crucial for bone health.
• Challenges exist in their co-delivery and synergistic release due to individual stability and bioavailability issues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an aqueous co-delivery system for VD3 and Ca2+.
• To achieve synergistic loading and release of VD3 and Ca2+.
• To enhance the stability and bioavailability of both nutrients.

Main Methods:

• Preparation of a quaternary complex: α-cyclodextrin-VD3@casein phosphopeptide‑calcium chelate (α-CD-VD3@CPP-Ca2+).
• Characterization of particle size (419.46 ± 1.52 nm) and zeta potential (-28.39 ± 1.21 mV).
• Spectroscopic analysis to determine binding forces (hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces).
• Assessment of dispersibility and stability across various pH and salt ion conditions.
• In vitro release studies in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF).

Main Results:

• The α-CD-VD3@CPP-Ca2+ complex demonstrated good aqueous dispersibility and enhanced stability.
• The complex remained stable in SGF.
• High release efficiencies were achieved in SIF: 78.39% for VD3 and 84.12% for Ca2+.

Conclusions:

• The developed quaternary complex is an effective aqueous co-delivery system for VD3 and Ca2+.
• The system enhances the synergistic utilization of VD3 and Ca2+.
• This approach offers a promising solution for improving nutrient delivery and absorption.