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Femtosecond Laser-Engineered Multifunctional Bio-Metasurface for the Inhibition of Thrombosis and Bacterial
Xushi Niu1, Lan Jiang1,2, Jie Hu1,2
1Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 21, 2025
Summary
A novel multifunctional bio-metasurface (LDT surface) effectively reduces thrombosis and bacterial infection on blood-contacting implants. This surface engineering approach utilizes liquid repellency, drag reduction, and turbulence attenuation for improved biocompatibility.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Surface Engineering
- Medical Device Technology
Background:
- Blood-contacting implants (BCIs) face challenges from thrombosis and bacterial infection.
- Existing surface engineering methods often use single mechanisms and struggle with difficult materials like pyrolytic carbon.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a multifunctional bio-metasurface (LDT surface) for BCIs that addresses both thrombosis and bacterial infection.
- To create a surface that synergizes liquid-repellent, drag-reduction, and turbulence-attenuation strategies.
- To engineer a durable and biocompatible surface on challenging materials like pyrolytic carbon.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a complex, hierarchical micro-groove, micro-hole, and nano-ripple structure on pyrolytic carbon using femtosecond laser texturing.
- Application of a slippery coating to impart liquid-repellent and drag-reduction properties.
- Utilizing surface texture for hemodynamic modulation and turbulence attenuation.
- Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze turbulence attenuation.
Main Results:
- The LDT surface demonstrated a 98.2% reduction in platelet adhesion and a 55.3% decrease in denatured fibrinogen adhesion compared to pristine surfaces.
- Bacterial adhesion was significantly reduced, with 99.4% and 98.4% improvement against *Staphylococcus aureus* and *Escherichia coli*, respectively.
- No toxic byproducts were generated, and the surface showed excellent stability under turbulent flow conditions.
- CFD simulations confirmed significant turbulence attenuation by streamwise microgrooves.
Conclusions:
- The developed LDT surface effectively mitigates thrombosis and bacterial infection on BCIs.
- This multifunctional surface engineering strategy is particularly promising for difficult-to-process materials.
- The synergistic approach offers a robust solution for enhancing the biocompatibility of medical implants.
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