Evaluation and validation of 3D-printed anatomical urinary system model and virtual reality RIRS simulators in RIRS...

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Surgical Simulation
• Urology

Background:

• Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) requires specialized training.
• Evaluating novel simulation tools is crucial for surgical education.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the efficacy of a 3D-printed anatomical urinary system model (3D-AUSM) and a Virtual Reality RIRS Simulator (VRRS) for RIRS training.
• To gather user feedback on the validation and utility of these simulation tools.

Main Methods:

• 3D-AUSM created from cadaver CT/MRI scans, integrated into a VR environment.
• 43 inexperienced urology trainees and 17 experienced surgeons participated.
• Skill scores, procedure times, and validation surveys were collected.

Main Results:

• Experienced surgeons outperformed trainees in both models.
• Trainees showed better performance with VRRS than 3D-AUSM.
• Challenging steps included exposing the collecting system and relocating stones. Both models achieved high content and face validation.

Conclusions:

• 3D-printed models and VR simulators are safe, cost-effective for developing RIRS skills.
• 3D-AUSM offers realistic anatomy; VRRS provides unlimited practice.
• Both models are valuable for standardized and effective surgical education.