Lichen Planus Cheilitis: A Brief Review.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oral Medicine

Background:

• Cheilitis is a group of lip inflammatory conditions with diverse causes.
• Lichen planus (LP) cheilitis is an uncommon variant, frequently misdiagnosed, particularly in individuals with skin of color.
• Accurate diagnosis is challenging due to its similarity to other lip conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current literature on Lichen planus (LP) cheilitis.
• To focus on clinical presentation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
• To highlight the importance of recognizing this entity, especially in diverse populations.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of case series and reports.
• Analysis of clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, and histopathology.
• Evaluation of treatment strategies and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

• LP cheilitis primarily affects the lower lip, often presenting as erosive variant with Wickham's striae.
• Histopathology aligns with cutaneous LP; immunofluorescence may show fibrinogen deposits.
• Topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors are first-line treatments; systemic therapy for resistant cases.

Conclusions:

• Lichen planus (LP) cheilitis is a distinct, underrecognized lip condition requiring specialized evaluation.
• Increased awareness and research, particularly in diverse skin types, are vital for improved diagnosis and outcomes.
• Photoprotection is crucial due to the risk of malignant transformation.