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Related Concept Videos

Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

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Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Echo01:06

Echo

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The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
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Perception of Sound Waves01:01

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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
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Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

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Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
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Electromagnetic Waves in Matter01:30

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Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
Consider the electromagnetic wave passing through a dielectric medium. In such a case, Maxwell's equations get modified. In Ampere's law, ε0 , the dielectric permittivity of free space is replaced with ε, the permittivity of dielectric. Also, the vacuum permeability μ0 is replaced by the permeability of the...
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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
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Quantum Phononics: From Principles to Engineering.

Changyong Lei1, Zi Wang1, Chenwen Yang1

  • 1Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, China-EU Joint Lab on Nanophononics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.

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Quantum phononics explores the wave nature of phonons for advanced quantum technologies. This field investigates phonon coherence, squeezed, and entangled states for quantum state manipulation and novel applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum phononics is an emerging interdisciplinary field.
  • It integrates quantum science, condensed matter physics, and materials science.

Background:

  • Phonons are fundamental to many areas of physics and materials science.
  • Electron-phonon and spin-phonon coupling enable charge, energy, and spin control with applications in quantum devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This perspective focuses on the quantum nature of phonons, emphasizing their wavefunctions.
  • It reviews key concepts and properties in quantum phononics, including coherence, squeezed, and entangled states.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews recent developments and applications in quantum phononics.
  • It highlights the importance of phonon coherence, quantum acoustics, and intrinsic phonon spin.

Main Results:

  • Nonclassical phonon states, such as coherent and squeezed states, offer low noise and good coherence.
  • These states are crucial for advanced quantum state manipulation.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum phononics represents a rapidly growing field with significant potential.
  • Future research directions include exploring novel quantum properties and applications of phonons.