A microphysiological systems approach to design gastrointestinal system.

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Biomedical Engineering
• Development of advanced in vitro models for human physiology

Background:

• The gastrointestinal (GI) system's complex anatomy and physiology are crucial for nutrient absorption, immune function, and overall health.
• Traditional in vitro and animal models struggle to accurately replicate the human gut's intricate environment.
• Understanding GI system dynamics is vital for health and disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the applications of microphysiological systems (MPS) in modeling the GI system.
• To highlight how MPS overcome limitations of conventional research models.
• To explore the potential of MPS in advancing GI research and therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

• Overview of GI system anatomy and physiology, including digestion and microbial interactions.
• Exploration of microphysiological systems (MPS) technologies: 3D bioprinting, spheroids, organoids, and microfluidics.
• Discussion of specific GI MPS applications: 3D bioprinted models, intestinal organoids, and gut-on-chip devices.

Main Results:

• MPS provide more accurate and dynamic models compared to traditional methods.
• 3D bioprinted models offer structural fidelity, organoids mimic cellular complexity, and gut-on-chip devices recreate physiological environments.
• MPS demonstrate significant potential in enhancing the study of GI biology.

Conclusions:

• Microphysiological systems represent a significant advancement over conventional models for GI research.
• These technologies accelerate biomedical research and therapeutic development in the GI domain.
• MPS hold promise for improving drug testing and advancing personalized medicine for gastrointestinal conditions.