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Related Concept Videos

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System II: Digestion and Absorption01:22

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System II: Digestion and Absorption

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The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, extending from the mouth to the anus, plays a pivotal role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. This process involves both mechanical and chemical actions facilitated by various enzymes.
Digestion begins in the mouth, where food undergoes mechanical breakdown by chewing and combines with saliva. Salivary amylase, an enzyme in saliva, starts the breakdown of starches into maltose. The food then travels down the esophagus to the stomach.
In the stomach, a...
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Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System I: Ingestion and Propulsion01:22

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System I: Ingestion and Propulsion

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The physiology of the gastrointestinal system begins with ingestion as food enters the mouth.
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Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern01:29

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Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
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Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System III: Elimination01:26

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The gastrointestinal elimination process involves a complex interplay of neural and hormonal mechanisms that coordinate the final waste removal from the body. This intricate operation encompasses the absorption of water and electrolytes, vital for transforming the remaining indigestible food matter into feces. The large intestine is pivotal in water and electrolyte absorption, forming feces from unabsorbed minerals, undigested food, bacteria, bile pigments, and shed epithelial cells. Essential...
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Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health01:05

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The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
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Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System01:26

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System

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The human digestive system is an intricate and essential network for nutrient absorption and waste elimination. It encompasses the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and several accessory organs.
Here's a detailed walkthrough of this complex system:
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An Intestinal Gut Organ Culture System for Analyzing Host-Microbiota Interactions
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A microphysiological systems approach to design gastrointestinal system.

Vidhi Mathur1, Mrunmayi Gadre1, Amrutha H K1

  • 1Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition
|July 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Microphysiological systems (MPS) offer advanced models for studying the gastrointestinal (GI) system, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. These innovative technologies improve understanding of GI biology, drug testing, and personalized medicine.

Keywords:
GI systemMPSgut-on-chipintestinal organoids

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Biomedical Engineering
  • Development of advanced in vitro models for human physiology

Background:

  • The gastrointestinal (GI) system's complex anatomy and physiology are crucial for nutrient absorption, immune function, and overall health.
  • Traditional in vitro and animal models struggle to accurately replicate the human gut's intricate environment.
  • Understanding GI system dynamics is vital for health and disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of microphysiological systems (MPS) in modeling the GI system.
  • To highlight how MPS overcome limitations of conventional research models.
  • To explore the potential of MPS in advancing GI research and therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of GI system anatomy and physiology, including digestion and microbial interactions.
  • Exploration of microphysiological systems (MPS) technologies: 3D bioprinting, spheroids, organoids, and microfluidics.
  • Discussion of specific GI MPS applications: 3D bioprinted models, intestinal organoids, and gut-on-chip devices.

Main Results:

  • MPS provide more accurate and dynamic models compared to traditional methods.
  • 3D bioprinted models offer structural fidelity, organoids mimic cellular complexity, and gut-on-chip devices recreate physiological environments.
  • MPS demonstrate significant potential in enhancing the study of GI biology.

Conclusions:

  • Microphysiological systems represent a significant advancement over conventional models for GI research.
  • These technologies accelerate biomedical research and therapeutic development in the GI domain.
  • MPS hold promise for improving drug testing and advancing personalized medicine for gastrointestinal conditions.