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Psychopathic meanness is associated with fewer over-mentalizing errors.

Steven M Gillespie1, Ahmad M Abu-Akel2

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|July 21, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychopathic meanness, not other traits, correlated with better theory of mind skills. This study clarifies mentalizing errors in psychopathic traits by analyzing cognitive and affective states using the MASC.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Social Cognition

Background:

  • Theory of Mind (ToM) performance is often studied alongside psychopathic traits.
  • Previous research has not clearly distinguished between under- and over-mentalizing errors in relation to psychopathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between distinct psychopathic traits and mentalizing abilities.
  • To examine the specific nature of mentalizing errors (under- vs. over-mentalizing) in relation to psychopathic traits.

Main Methods:

  • 92 healthy adults completed a psychopathic traits measure and the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC).
  • The MASC assesses mentalizing about cognitive and affective states and quantifies under- versus over-mentalizing errors.

Main Results:

  • Psychopathic meanness was linked to better overall mentalizing and cognitive mentalizing.
  • Meanness was also associated with a reduction in over-mentalizing errors.
  • Boldness and disinhibition facets of psychopathy were not significantly associated with mentalizing performance.

Conclusions:

  • The findings highlight the importance of differentiating between under- and over-mentalizing errors in ToM research.
  • Psychopathic meanness, specifically, may be associated with a more accurate, less over-inclusive, form of mentalizing.