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Neonatal meningitis in a full-term neonate due to Streptococcus mitis oralis: a case report

Sonia Kapoor1, Carlos Daniel Varela Chinchilla2, Eric J Stern2

  • 1Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA. sonia.kapoor@nemours.org.

BMC Pediatrics
|July 22, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Streptococcus mitis oralis can cause serious neonatal infections like sepsis and meningitis. This case highlights treatment strategies for this rare but significant bacterial pathogen in newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Neonatal sepsis incidence is 1-2 per 1,000 live births in the US.
  • Common causes include Escherichia coli and Group B Streptococcus.
  • Streptococcus mitis oralis infections are rare in neonates, with limited data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of Streptococcus mitis oralis bacteremia and meningitis.
  • To discuss clinical decision-making for managing this rare neonatal infection.
  • To emphasize the importance of antimicrobial susceptibility in treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a full-term neonate with S. mitis oralis bacteremia and meningitis.
  • Initial treatment with ampicillin and gentamicin for presumed GBS sepsis.
  • Completion of a 14-day cefepime course based on susceptibility.

Main Results:

  • Successful treatment of S. mitis oralis sepsis and meningitis.
  • Demonstrated the importance of tailored antibiotic therapy.

Conclusions:

  • S. mitis oralis can cause severe illness in neonates.
  • No specific guidelines exist for managing S. mitis oralis in newborns.
  • Awareness and susceptibility-guided treatment are crucial.
Keywords:
Streptococcus mitis oralisAntibioticsBacteremiaInfectious diseaseMeningitisNeonatal sepsis

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