Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

116.5K
Overview
116.5K
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

5.3K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
5.3K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

806
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
806
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

451
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
451
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

1.1K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
1.1K
Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System

7.8K
Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
The immune responses can be categorized into two types: innate and adaptive. Innate immunity comprises nonspecific defenses we are...
7.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Author Correction: Immune system adaptation during gender-affirming testosterone treatment.

Nature·2024
Same author

Immune system adaptation during gender-affirming testosterone treatment.

Nature·2024
Same author

CCR5 promoter region polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus.

International journal of immunogenetics·2023
Same author

Sex and gender in infection and immunity: addressing the bottlenecks from basic science to public health and clinical applications.

Royal Society open science·2023
Same author

Enzalutamide, an Androgen Receptor Antagonist, Enhances Myeloid Cell-Mediated Immune Suppression and Tumor Progression.

Cancer immunology research·2020
Same journal

Algorithm dependence of patient phenotypes in Long COVID: a patient-led, multi-method clustering of 6031 patients using 162 self-reported symptoms.

Oxford open immunology·2026
Same journal

A new patient-led approach to building research infrastructure and evidence generation.

Oxford open immunology·2026
Same journal

Enhancing protein immunogenicity prediction via uncertainty weighted deep ensemble.

Oxford open immunology·2026
Same journal

Correction to: 9 papers to add missing data availability statements.

Oxford open immunology·2026
Same journal

Incidence age is bimodal for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, with higher severity burden for early onset disease.

Oxford open immunology·2026
Same journal

Correction to: Scientific communication and vaccine hesitation: an analysis of the editorial line of a great Brazilian newspaper.

Oxford open immunology·2026
See all related articles
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates
13:55

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Published on: January 27, 2019

15.3K

Decoding sex differences in human immunity through systems immunology.

Joan Escrivà-Font, Tianze Cao, Camila Rosat Consiglio

    Oxford Open Immunology
    |July 22, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Biological sex significantly impacts human immune function, influencing disease susceptibility and treatment responses. Systems immunology reveals how sex chromosomes and hormones shape immunity, enabling sex-specific medical interventions.

    Keywords:
    biological sexsex differences in human immunitysex hormonessystems immunology

    More Related Videos

    Isolation of Dendritic Cells from the Human Female Reproductive Tract for Phenotypical and Functional Studies
    12:32

    Isolation of Dendritic Cells from the Human Female Reproductive Tract for Phenotypical and Functional Studies

    Published on: March 13, 2018

    6.7K
    Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
    06:15

    Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Published on: September 7, 2018

    9.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Sep 14, 2025

    Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates
    13:55

    Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

    Published on: January 27, 2019

    15.3K
    Isolation of Dendritic Cells from the Human Female Reproductive Tract for Phenotypical and Functional Studies
    12:32

    Isolation of Dendritic Cells from the Human Female Reproductive Tract for Phenotypical and Functional Studies

    Published on: March 13, 2018

    6.7K
    Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
    06:15

    Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Published on: September 7, 2018

    9.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Systems Biology
    • Human Genetics

    Background:

    • Human immune function exhibits significant variability, with biological sex being a primary determinant.
    • Men often experience more severe infections and higher cancer incidence, whereas women show enhanced vaccine responses but greater autoimmunity prevalence.
    • Intrinsic sex differences stem from chromosomal sex and sex hormone signaling pathways affecting various cell types.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the current literature on immune sex differences in humans using systems immunology approaches.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms by which biological sex modulates human immunity, focusing on sex chromosomes and hormones.
    • To explore how systems immunology advances the understanding of sex-based immune variations in health and disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature analysis of systems immunology applications in studying human immune sex differences.
    • Examination of mechanisms including sex chromosomes, sex hormones, cell composition, transcriptomics, epigenomics, metabolomics, spatial and cell-cell interactions, and plasma proteomics.
    • Review of systems-level applications for investigating sex differences in immune responses to perturbations.

    Main Results:

    • Biological sex, influenced by chromosomes and hormones, profoundly impacts immune cell composition, gene expression, and metabolic profiles.
    • Systems immunology reveals sex-specific differences in immune system states and responses to challenges.
    • Sex differences are evident across multiple molecular and cellular levels, from epigenomics to cell interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • Systems immunology offers a powerful framework for decoding sex-regulated immune pathways.
    • Understanding these sex differences is crucial for developing precise, sex-informed therapeutic strategies.
    • This approach paves the way for tailored interventions addressing sex disparities in immune-related conditions.