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Color Stability of Different CAD/CAM Complete Denture Resins.

Martina Bonvicini, Carlo Monaco, Claudia Mazzitelli

    The International Journal of Prosthodontics
    |July 22, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study assessed the color stability of complete denture resins after coffee immersion. Milled and 3D printed resins showed good color stability, but unpolished 3D printed white resin had unacceptable staining.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental Materials Science
    • Biomaterials Engineering

    Background:

    • Complete dentures are essential prosthetics, and their aesthetic longevity is crucial for patient satisfaction.
    • Resin materials used for denture fabrication are susceptible to discoloration from dietary factors, impacting aesthetics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate and compare the color stability of different complete denture resins fabricated using various technologies (milling, 3D printing, conventional heat-curing) when exposed to coffee.
    • To determine the effect of surface polishing on the color stability of these denture resins.

    Main Methods:

    • Fifty specimens from five different complete denture resins were prepared and divided into polished (POL) and unpolished (UNPOL) groups.
    • Specimens were immersed in a coffee solution at 37°C for 28 days, with daily replacement of the staining solution.
    • Color differences (ΔEab) were measured using a digital colorimeter, and data were statistically analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Most resins exhibited acceptable color stability (∆E < 3.3), with IvoBase CAD (IBC) unpolished showing the highest stability (∆E=0.32).
    • Dima Print Denture Teeth (DPDT) unpolished resin demonstrated clinically unacceptable color change (∆E=4.56), significantly lower stability than other groups.
    • Polishing significantly improved color stability for the Ivotion Dent white (ID) 3D printed resin.

    Conclusions:

    • Milled and 3D printed denture resins offer comparable color stability to conventionally fabricated resins.
    • Surface polishing is critical for maintaining the color stability of certain 3D printed resins, particularly white shades.
    • Clinicians should consider material type and surface finish when selecting resins for complete dentures to ensure long-term aesthetics.