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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

454
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
454
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

448
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
448

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
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Early Expressive and Receptive Language Development in Preterm vs Full-Term Children: A Meta-Analysis.

Miriam T Loeffler1,2, Jessica Daikeler3, Lisa Wagner1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Pediatrics
|July 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preterm children show lower receptive and expressive language skills in early development. Early identification and intervention are crucial for these children.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Preterm children are at higher risk for speech and language disorders.
  • Early childhood language differences between preterm and full-term children require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis on early receptive and expressive language development in preterm versus full-term children.
  • To compare language outcomes using standardized developmental assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases.
  • Inclusion of studies using Bayley Scales or MacArthur-Bates CDI for language assessment.
  • Meta-analysis of 34 studies (N=1825) with outcomes synthesized using robust variance estimation.

Main Results:

  • Preterm children exhibited significantly lower scores in receptive language (g = -0.40) and expressive language (g = -0.44).
  • Receptive language deficits in preterm children worsened with age.
  • Lower gestational age and birth weight were associated with greater receptive language differences.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm infants and toddlers demonstrate delayed receptive and expressive language skills.
  • Emphasizes the critical need for early detection and intervention for preterm children's language development.