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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Obestasis.

Sanjay Kalra1, Sourabh Sharma2, Saurabh Arora3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India; University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|July 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Obestasis, or pitting edema in obesity, stems from lymphatic, circulatory, or muscle issues. Management involves nutrition, lifestyle changes, and medication to improve quality of life.

Keywords:
Drug-induced oedema, iatrogenic, oedema, overweight, weight gain.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Physiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Obestasis is mild, pitting edema associated with obesity.
  • It can arise from lymphatic, microcirculatory, or venous dysfunction, and sarcopenia.
  • Factors like protein deficiency, high salt intake, poor conditioning, and constrictive clothing can exacerbate obestasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define obestasis and its contributing factors.
  • To explore the impact of obestasis on body weight and quality of life.
  • To outline the multifactorial management strategies for obestasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing knowledge on edema in obesity.
  • Analysis of etiological factors contributing to obestasis.
  • Description of current management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Obestasis is linked to various physiological dysfunctions and lifestyle factors.
  • It can negatively impact body weight regulation and overall quality of life.
  • Management requires a comprehensive approach addressing multiple contributing elements.

Conclusions:

  • Obestasis is a complex condition requiring a holistic management strategy.
  • Addressing nutritional status, physical activity, and other exacerbating factors is crucial.
  • Effective management can improve patient outcomes and quality of life.