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Diurnal variation and practice effects in saccade task performance.

Thomas Karantinos1, Evi Kotsiou1, Panagiota Drouza1

  • 1Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and sensorimotor control, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine Research Institute "COSTAS STEFANIS", University Mental Health, Athens, Greece.

Experimental Brain Research
|July 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Saccadic eye movement tasks assessing cognitive function are not affected by time of day (diurnal variation). However, performance on these cognitive tasks improves with repetition, indicating significant practice effects.

Keywords:
AntisaccadeCountermanding saccadeGap saccadeOculomotor tasksSaccadic latencyVisually guided saccade

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Saccadic eye movement tasks are crucial for assessing cognitive functions in various populations.
  • Circadian rhythms and diurnal variations can influence cognitive performance, particularly executive functions.
  • The impact of diurnal variation on saccadic task performance, distinct from practice effects, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of diurnal variation on saccadic eye movement task performance.
  • To differentiate the effects of time of day from practice effects in saccadic tasks.
  • To examine saccadic task performance across different times of day and after repeated sessions.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty healthy adults completed visually guided, antisaccade, and countermanding saccade tasks.
  • Participants were assigned to groups with sessions starting in the morning, afternoon, or evening.
  • Performance metrics included accuracy, speed (latency), and stability (latency variability).

Main Results:

  • No significant effect of diurnal variation was observed on saccadic eye movement performance metrics.
  • Task repetition led to significant improvements in accuracy, speed, and stability, demonstrating practice effects.
  • Linear mixed model analysis confirmed no interaction between diurnal variation and practice effects.

Conclusions:

  • Saccadic eye movement task performance is robust and not influenced by diurnal variations related to circadian rhythms.
  • Short-term repetition of saccadic tasks leads to significant practice effects, enhancing performance.
  • These findings help dissociate cognitive performance fluctuations from task-specific learning in saccadic paradigms.