Chikungunya virus infection: A scoping review highlighting pediatric systemic and neurologic complications
Rosana Huerta Albarrán1, Amanda Weber2, Martha Avilés Robles3
1Hospital General de México Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Department of Neuropediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico.
Insights
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) poses a significant threat, especially with its neurological complications in children. This review details CHIKV
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Neurology
Background:
- Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus, is a growing global health concern.
- Neurologic complications are particularly significant in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive scope review of CHIKV.
- To emphasize neurologic sequelae in neonates and children.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of CHIKV virology, epidemiology, transmission, and clinical manifestations.
- Focus on neuroinvasion mechanisms, CNS and PNS involvement, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
Main Results:
- CHIKV presents unique challenges in pediatric populations.
- Understanding age-specific presentations and long-term outcomes is crucial.
Conclusions:
- Supportive care is the primary management for CHIKV.
- Novel antiviral agents and vaccines for CHIKV are under active investigation.
Abstract:
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus, has emerged as a significant global health concern, particularly due to its neurological complications in pediatric populations. This scope review summarizes current understanding of CHIKV virology, epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and clinical manifestations, with an emphasis on neurologic sequelae in neonates and children. We explore the mechanisms of neuroinvasion, describe central and peripheral nervous system involvement, and outline diagnostic strategies and therapeutic approaches. Although supportive care remains the mainstay of management, novel antiviral agents and vaccines are under active investigation. Understanding age-specific presentations and long-term outcomes is essential to mitigate the impact of this neurotropic virus.
