Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Quarrying of Stone01:15

Quarrying of Stone

201
Quarrying is the process of extracting stone from a quarry, where specialized techniques are employed to remove large blocks of stone safely and efficiently. This process can involve controlled explosions or more precision-oriented methods such as cutting and drilling.
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the...
201
The Fossil Record02:56

The Fossil Record

25.6K
The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
25.6K
Archival Research01:40

Archival Research

16.5K
Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
16.5K
Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

192
Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
Fly ash is...
192
Portland Cement01:21

Portland Cement

298
Portland cement is the essential binding ingredient in concrete, made from finely ground materials including lime, iron, silica, and alumina. Lime is derived primarily from limestone, marble, marl, seashells, and clays, which also supply iron and alumina, while silica is sourced from sand, chalk, and bauxite. Contemporary manufacturing of Portland cement is a significant source of carbon dioxide emissions, prompting research into reducing its content in concrete through alternative...
298
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

12.9K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
12.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Investigating the Sharing of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. Between Dogs and Their Owners: A Comparative Study from Two Italian Veterinary Teaching Hospitals.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in dogs and owners: Spa typing and antimicrobial resistance in two Italian veterinary hospitals.

Research in veterinary science·2026
Same author

Urinary Normetanephrine for the Diagnosis of Canine Pheochromocytoma via Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Veterinary sciences·2026
Same author

Hypofolataemia in five cats with immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia.

The Veterinary record·2025
Same author

Impact of multiple steam sterilizations on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed surgical items.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Comparison between Two Zurich Cementless Total Hip Replacement Cup Impactor Types in the Accuracy of Cup Positioning: An In Vitro Study.

Veterinary and comparative orthopaedics and traumatology : V.C.O.T·2025
Same journal

MT-MRI for detection of renal interstitial fibrosis in renovascular disease.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Detection of underground objects from GPR data using a lightweight YOLO-based approach.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Early systemic inflammatory-metabolic trajectory phenotypes are associated with survival outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Water balance components in a dry-seeded rice-wheat system: Untangling the effects of tillage and mulching practices.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Topological approaches to quantum tensor train compression via ZX-calculus and SVD.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

determinants of flood impacts and adaptive capacity among market vendors in Walukuba-Masese, Jinja city, Uganda.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains
06:18

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Published on: November 30, 2021

4.1K

The Chicago Piles unearthed.

Andrea Zoia1, Albin Gagnepain2, Davide Mancusi2

  • 1Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etudes des Réacteurs et de Mathématiques Appliquées, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. andrea.zoia@cea.fr.

Scientific Reports
|July 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The first nuclear reactors, Chicago Pile 1 and 2, were digitally recreated using Monte Carlo simulations. This research details their design and early nuclear materials, illuminating the dawn of the nuclear age.

More Related Videos

Use of Chironomidae Diptera Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies
08:27

Use of Chironomidae Diptera Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies

Published on: July 24, 2015

11.8K
Understanding Cerebellar Pattern Formation
13:18

Understanding Cerebellar Pattern Formation

Published on: November 1, 2007

5.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains
06:18

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Published on: November 30, 2021

4.1K
Use of Chironomidae Diptera Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies
08:27

Use of Chironomidae Diptera Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies

Published on: July 24, 2015

11.8K
Understanding Cerebellar Pattern Formation
13:18

Understanding Cerebellar Pattern Formation

Published on: November 1, 2007

5.3K

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics and Engineering
  • Historical Scientific Instruments
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • The Chicago Pile 1 (CP-1) initiated the nuclear age in 1942 as the first nuclear reactor.
  • CP-1 was dismantled and rebuilt as Chicago Pile 2 (CP-2), which operated until 1954.
  • Despite their historical significance, detailed characterization of CP-1 and CP-2 has been lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create detailed 3D digital twins of CP-1 and CP-2.
  • To computationally analyze the design and materials of these pioneering nuclear reactors.
  • To provide a comprehensive characterization of these historically significant artifacts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized TRIPOLI-4, a Monte Carlo particle transport code.
  • Aggregated data from published and unpublished Manhattan Project documents.
  • Developed fully detailed three-dimensional digital models of CP-1 and CP-2.

Main Results:

  • Simulation results accurately reproduced available experimental measurements.
  • The digital twins provide insights into the neutron chain reaction feasibility.
  • Shed light on the early development and characteristics of fuel and moderator materials.

Conclusions:

  • The digital reconstruction of CP-1 and CP-2 offers a detailed understanding of their design and function.
  • This work addresses the historical gap in characterizing these pivotal nuclear artifacts.
  • The findings contribute to the understanding of early nuclear reactor development and material science.