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Pediatric Liquid Medications and Dental Caries: A Narrative Review

Mohammed Taib Fatih1, Mohammed Khalid Mahmood2, Handren Ameer Kurda3

  • 1Department of Dentistry Komar University of Science and Technology Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Iraq.

Health Science Reports
|July 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric liquid medications (PLMs) increase dental caries risk in chronically ill children due to sugar content and pH. Collaboration is key to minimize oral health harms.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric dentistry
  • Oral health research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Children with chronic conditions often require long-term pediatric liquid medications (PLMs).
  • Growing evidence links PLM use to adverse dental effects.
  • PLMs pose a risk factor for dental caries in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of pediatric liquid medication consumption.
  • To update knowledge on PLMs as a risk factor for dental caries.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic electronic literature search was performed across major databases.
  • Keywords included "liquid medication," "pediatric liquid medication," "chronically ill children," and "dental caries."

Main Results:

  • 33 studies were included, revealing a link between PLMs and dental erosion/caries.
  • Physicochemical properties (sugar content, pH) of PLMs contribute to their cariogenic and erosive potential.
  • In vitro studies confirmed the erosive effects of PLMs on dental hard tissues.

Conclusions:

  • A positive association exists between PLM use and increased caries risk in chronically ill children.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration among healthcare providers, manufacturers, and families is essential.
  • Strategies are needed to minimize the oral health risks associated with PLMs.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrendental cariesdental erosionoral healthpediatric liquid medicationssweetened medicinessyrups

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