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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Home-Based Monitor for Gait and Activity Analysis
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Variability-based assessment of assisted gait using a multi-sensor instrumented cane.

Angkoon Phinyomark1, Robyn Larracy1, Satinder Gill2

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.

Computers in Biology and Medicine
|July 24, 2025
PubMed
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Instrumented canes offer insights into walking biomechanics. Gait variability analysis, particularly the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) exponent, is crucial for understanding cane use and gait modifications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Rehabilitation Engineering
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Clinical understanding of walking biomechanics with assistive canes is limited.
  • Proper cane use is often suboptimal, despite known benefits.
  • There is a need for tools to monitor cane use and gait performance in real-world settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of an instrumented cane on gait parameters.
  • To evaluate the utility of gait variability metrics for assessing cane use.
  • To explore the potential of instrumented canes for automated gait analysis.

Main Methods:

  • 15 healthy individuals participated in the study.
  • Participants walked under three conditions: normal, simulated plantar flexion, and simulated dorsiflexion.
Keywords:
Assistive devicesDetrended fluctuation analysisFractal analysisGait analysisGait recognitionGait variabilityInstrumented caneWearable sensors

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Last Updated: Sep 14, 2025

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  • An instrumented cane with inertial sensors was used to collect gait data.

    • Main Results:

    • Gait speed and stride interval alone are insufficient to detect changes in gait due to cane use or simulated conditions.
    • Gait variability measures, specifically the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) exponent, can differentiate between walking changes and cane use modifications.
    • Mean-based gait features cannot distinguish these changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Automated gait analysis using instrumented canes is feasible.
    • Gait variability analysis provides a more comprehensive understanding of walking performance than speed-related metrics.
    • The detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) exponent is a promising metric for monitoring cane use and gait adaptations.