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Factors Influencing Adherence to Therapy With Occlusal Splints-A Multicentre Questionnaire Based Study.
Clara Christina Beck1, Daniel Ralph Reissmann1, Lisa Brinkmann1
1Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|July 24, 2025
Summary
Patient adherence to occlusal splints for TMD and bruxism is key. Positive attitudes, perceived effects, and regulated sleep boost adherence, while sleep/respiratory issues and salivation hinder it.
Area of Science:
- Dental Science
- Oral Medicine
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Occlusal splints are standard treatments for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and bruxism.
- Patient adherence significantly impacts the effectiveness of occlusal splint therapy.
- Identifying adherence factors is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors promoting and inhibiting adherence to occlusal splint therapy.
- Focus on adult patients with TMD and/or bruxism within 4-8 weeks post-insertion.
- Enhance understanding of early-phase adherence determinants.
Main Methods:
- Survey administered to 200 adult patients who received occlusal splints.
- Adherence self-reported based on wear frequency and dentist recommendations.
- Statistical analysis using Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- High adherence (≥5 days/week or following recommendations) observed in 67% of patients.
- Positive factors: favorable attitude (OR=1.6), perceived benefits (OR=2.5), regulated sleep (OR=3.0).
- Negative factors: sleep impairment (OR=0.3), respiratory issues (OR=0.1), increased salivation (OR=0.3).
Conclusions:
- Key factors influencing early adherence to occlusal splint therapy identified.
- Patient-centered strategies are promising for improving adherence.
- Further research needed to confirm findings and develop targeted interventions.
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