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Updated: May 2, 2026

A Postoperative Evaluation Guideline for Computer-Assisted Reconstruction of the Mandible
Published on: January 28, 2020
RAPTOR: Randomised Controlled Trial of PENTOCLO (pentoxifylline-tocopherol-clodronate) in Mandibular
Richard Shaw1, Ruth Knight2, Ayten Basoglu2
1Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, University of Liverpool and Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. rjshaw@liv.ac.uk.
The RAPTOR trial investigates PENTOCLO for mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN), a severe radiation side effect. This study will offer initial evidence on PENTOCLO
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Radiation Oncology
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Background:
- Mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a severe complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers, affecting 5-10% of patients.
- ORN can lead to disfigurement, dysfunction, pain, and infection, with limited evidence supporting current treatments.
- A combination therapy, pentoxifylline-tocopherol-clodronate (PENTOCLO), shows potential for non-surgical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of PENTOCLO in treating mandibular ORN.
- To provide preliminary data for a larger definitive trial on PENTOCLO's effectiveness.
Main Methods:
- The RAPTOR trial is a Phase II, open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled trial.
- Patients with mandibular ORN are randomized to standard care or standard care plus PENTOCLO for 12 months.
- The primary outcome is time to ORN healing without surgery, assessed clinically and via imaging.
Main Results:
- This is the first randomized controlled trial of PENTOCLO for mandibular ORN.
- Results will offer preliminary evidence on PENTOCLO's efficacy in non-surgical ORN management.
Conclusions:
- The RAPTOR trial is the first RCT of PENTOCLO for mandibular ORN.
- Phase II results will inform the feasibility and design of future definitive trials.
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