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A Scientific Framework for Comparing Hyaluronic Acid Filler Crosslinking Technologies
Anto Puljic1, Konstantin Frank2, Joel Cohen3
1Croma-Pharma GmbH, Cromazeile 2, 2100 Leobendorf, Austria.
Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 25, 2025
Summary
This study presents a framework to objectively compare hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers by analyzing dynamic and consistency parameters. The findings help clinicians choose the best HA filler for patient needs and promote manufacturer transparency.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Biomaterials Science
- Aesthetic Medicine
Background:
- Hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers are widely used in aesthetic medicine for facial rejuvenation.
- Diverse crosslinking technologies in HA fillers complicate objective product comparison and clinical selection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a scientific framework for evaluating and categorizing the physicochemical properties of HA dermal fillers.
- To enable objective, cross-technology comparisons of commercially available HA fillers.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 23 HA fillers from five manufacturers using standardized methodologies.
- Evaluation based on dynamic parameters (rheology, gel content) and consistency parameters (extrusion force, water uptake, gel particle size).
Main Results:
- Specific crosslinking methods significantly influence the rheological behavior and handling characteristics of HA fillers.
- The study identified distinct property profiles linked to different crosslinking technologies.
Conclusions:
- The proposed framework provides an integrated and reproducible method for assessing HA filler properties.
- This facilitates informed clinical decision-making for personalized aesthetic treatments and encourages standardized testing protocols.
