Membrane-Based CO₂ Capture Across Industrial Sectors: Process Conditions, Case Studies, and Implementation Insights

Area of Science:

• Chemical Engineering
• Environmental Science
• Materials Science

Background:

• Membrane-based CO2 capture is a key technology for industrial decarbonization.
• It offers advantages in energy efficiency, modularity, and environmental performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively assess membrane processes for CO2 capture in major emission-intensive sectors.
• To evaluate the influence of flue gas characteristics on membrane selection and process design.
• To identify challenges and provide perspectives for commercializing membrane-based CO2 capture.

Main Methods:

• Review of pilot-scale demonstrations and simulation-based studies.
• Analysis of membrane performance under various industrial flue gas conditions.
• Case studies across power generation, cement, steelmaking, and biogas upgrading.

Main Results:

• Membrane systems demonstrate technical viability across diverse industrial applications.
• Flue gas characteristics significantly impact membrane selection, process design, and feasibility.
• Successful applications range from low-CO2 flue gas to high-pressure syngas.

Conclusions:

• Membrane-based CO2 capture is technically feasible for industrial decarbonization.
• Further research is needed to address challenges in process design and techno-economic evaluation for commercialization.
• This review provides insights for designing application-specific, scalable, and economically viable membrane systems.