Perinatal Mortality in the United States, 2022 and 2023
NCHS Data Brief
|July 25, 2025
Summary
The U.S. perinatal mortality rate remained stable from 2022 to 2023. However, early fetal mortality increased, with notable changes observed in specific demographics and states.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal Health
- Public Health Surveillance
- Vital Statistics
Background:
- Perinatal mortality is a critical indicator of maternal and infant health outcomes.
- Understanding trends in perinatal mortality is essential for public health interventions.
- Previous data indicated varying rates across different demographic groups and geographic regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze changes in the U.S. perinatal mortality rate between 2022 and 2023.
- To examine these changes by components of perinatal mortality (early fetal, late fetal, early neonatal).
- To investigate demographic and state-level variations in perinatal mortality trends.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), including the Fetal Death Data File and Linked Birth/Infant Death Data File.
- Employed an expanded definition of perinatal mortality: fetal deaths at ≥20 weeks gestation and infant deaths <7 days.
- Conducted statistical significance testing at the 0.05 level.
Main Results:
- The overall U.S. perinatal mortality rate was 8.36 deaths per 1,000 births in 2023, a nonsignificant change from 8.27 in 2022.
- Early fetal mortality rate increased by 4% (2.79 in 2022 to 2.89 in 2023).
- Increases observed in perinatal mortality for females <20 years, Hispanic females, and in Alabama, Colorado, and New Jersey; a decrease in Michigan.
Conclusions:
- While the overall perinatal mortality rate showed stability, the rise in early fetal mortality warrants attention.
- Specific demographic groups (adolescent mothers, Hispanic females) and states experienced significant changes.
- Continued monitoring and targeted interventions are necessary to address disparities and improve perinatal outcomes.
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